1913
Maud L. Menten and Leonor Michaelis develop the Michaelis-Menten Equation crucial to understanding enzyme function, foundational for drug development. Menten's work in electrophoresis revealed insights into hemoglobin, predating Linus Pauling's sickle cell research.
1950s
1950: Philip S. Hench wins the Nobel Prize for adrenal cortex hormone discoveries.
1952: Jonas Salk and team develop a killed-virus polio vaccine, reducing disease incidence.
1958: Peter J. Safar establishes the ABCs of CPR.
1952: Jonas Salk and team develop a killed-virus polio vaccine, reducing disease incidence.
1958: Peter J. Safar establishes the ABCs of CPR.
1960s
1961: Klaus Hofmann develops synthetic ACTH.
1962: Niels K. Jerne advances antigen-antibody interaction research.
1964: Panayotis G. Katsoyannis synthesizes insulin; Julius S. Youngner discovers interferon induction mechanisms.
1967: Peter J. Safar co-founds the Freedom House Ambulance Service, setting EMS standards.
1962: Niels K. Jerne advances antigen-antibody interaction research.
1964: Panayotis G. Katsoyannis synthesizes insulin; Julius S. Youngner discovers interferon induction mechanisms.
1967: Peter J. Safar co-founds the Freedom House Ambulance Service, setting EMS standards.
1970s
1979: Herbert Needleman links lead exposure to reduced IQ in children.
1980s
1980: Discovery of Legionella micdadei.
1984: Thomas E. Starzl performs the first double transplant.
1985: Bernard Fisher identifies systemic patterns in breast cancer.
1984: Thomas E. Starzl performs the first double transplant.
1985: Bernard Fisher identifies systemic patterns in breast cancer.
1990s
1991: Thomas E. Starzl explores chimerism to enhance transplant tolerance.
1996: John W. Mellors identifies the role of plasma HIV load in AIDS prognosis.
1996: John W. Mellors identifies the role of plasma HIV load in AIDS prognosis.
2000s
2000: Discovery of gene mutation linked to hereditary paraganglioma.
2004: Development of Pittsburgh Compound B for detecting Alzheimer’s beta-amyloid deposits.
2007: Gary A. Silverman reveals necrosis as a regulated process.
2008: Discovery of Merkel cell carcinoma polyomavirus.
2004: Development of Pittsburgh Compound B for detecting Alzheimer’s beta-amyloid deposits.
2007: Gary A. Silverman reveals necrosis as a regulated process.
2008: Discovery of Merkel cell carcinoma polyomavirus.
2010s
2011: Brain-computer interface enables paralyzed patient to use a robotic arm.
2013: HIV capsid structure described; human heart regeneration; colon cancer vaccine developed.
2014: Huntington’s disease brain cell death mechanism identified.
2015: Mutations linked to congenital heart disease discovered.
2016: Carbon monoxide antidote developed.
2018: Wireless retinal prosthesis trial begins.
2019: Genetically engineered phage treatment and fertility restoration demonstrated.
2013: HIV capsid structure described; human heart regeneration; colon cancer vaccine developed.
2014: Huntington’s disease brain cell death mechanism identified.
2015: Mutations linked to congenital heart disease discovered.
2016: Carbon monoxide antidote developed.
2018: Wireless retinal prosthesis trial begins.
2019: Genetically engineered phage treatment and fertility restoration demonstrated.
2020s
2020: Advancements in organ transplant immunity and nerve regeneration.
2021: Optogenetic vision recovery; enhanced brain-computer interface with tactile feedback.
2023: Stroke neurotechnology developed; Rory Cooper awarded National Medal of Technology.
2024: BD-tau biomarker identified for Alzheimer’s diagnostics.
2021: Optogenetic vision recovery; enhanced brain-computer interface with tactile feedback.
2023: Stroke neurotechnology developed; Rory Cooper awarded National Medal of Technology.
2024: BD-tau biomarker identified for Alzheimer’s diagnostics.